装在套子里的人原文及翻译
装在套子里的人原文
我的同事希腊文教师别里科夫两个月前才在我们城里去世。您一定听说过他。他也真怪，即使在最睛朗的日子，也穿上雨鞋，带上雨伞，而且一定穿着暖和的棉大衣。他总是把雨伞装在套子里，把表放在一个灰色的鹿皮套子里；就连削铅笔的小刀也是装在一个小套子里的。他的脸也好像蒙着套子，因为他老是把它藏在竖起的衣领里。他戴黑眼镜，穿羊毛衫，用棉花堵住耳朵眼。他一坐上马车，总要叫马车夫支起车篷。总之，这人总想把自己包在壳子里，仿佛要为自己制造一个套子，好隔绝人世，不受外界影响。现实生活刺激他，惊吓他，老是闹得他六神不安。也许为了替自己的胆怯、自己对现实的憎恶辩护吧，他老是歌颂过去，歌颂那些从没存在的东西；事实上他所教的古代语言对他来说，也就是雨鞋和雨伞，使他借此躲避现实生活。
别里科夫把他的思想也极力藏在一个套子里。只有政府的告示和报纸上的文章，其中规定着禁上什么，他才觉得一清二楚。看到有个告示禁止中学学生在晚上九点钟以后到街上去，他就觉得又清楚又明白：这种事是禁止的，好，这就行了。但是他觉着在官方的批准或者默许里面，老是包藏着使人怀疑的成分，包藏着隐隐约约、还没充分说出来的成分。每逢经过当局批准，城里开了一个戏剧俱乐部，或者阅览室，或者茶馆，他总要摇摇头，低声说：“当然，行是行的，这固然很好，可是千万别闹出什么乱子。”
凡是违背法令、脱离常规、不合规矩的事，虽然看来跟他毫不相干，却惹得他闷闷不乐。要是他的一个同事到教堂参加祈祷式去迟了，或者要是他听到流言，说是中学的学生闹出了乱子，他总是心慌得很，一个劲儿地说：千万别闹出什么乱子。在教务会议上，他那种慎重，那种多疑，那种纯粹套子式的论调，简直压得我们透不出气。他说什么不管男子中学里也好，女子中学里也好，年轻人都不安分，教室里闹闹吵吵——唉，只求这咱事别传到当局的耳朵里去才好，只求不出什么乱子才好。他认为如果把二年级的彼得洛夫和四年级的叶果洛夫开除，那才妥当。您猜怎么着？他凭他那种唉声叹气，他那种垂头丧气，和他那苍白的小脸上的眼镜，降服了我们，我们只好让步，减低彼得洛夫和叶果洛夫的品行分数，把他们禁闭起来。到后来把他俩开除了事。我们教师们都怕他。信不信由您。我们这些教师都是有思想的、很正派的人，受过屠格涅夫和谢德林的陶冶，可是这个老穿着雨鞋、拿着雨伞的小人物，却把整个中学辖制了足足十五年！可是光辖制中学算得了什么？全城都受着他辖制呢！我们这儿的太太们到礼拜六不办家庭戏剧晚会，因为怕他听见；教士们当着他的面不敢吃荤，也不敢打牌。在别里科夫这类人的影响下，全城的人战战兢兢地生活了十年到十五年，什么事都怕。他们不敢大声说话，不敢写信，不敢交朋友，不敢看书，不敢周济穷人，不敢教人念书写字……
别里科夫眼我同住在一所房子里。他的卧室挺小，活像一只箱子，床上挂着帐子。他一上床就拉过被子来蒙上脑袋。房里又热又闷，风推着关紧的门，炉子里嗡嗡地叫，厨房里传来叹息声——不祥的叹息声……他躺在被子底下，战战兢兢，深怕会出什么事，深怕小贼溜进来。他通宵做恶梦，到早晨我们一块儿到学校去的时候，他没精打采，脸色苍白。他所去的那个挤满了人的学校，分明使得他满心害怕和憎恶；跟我并排走路，对他那么一个性情孤僻的人来说，显然也是苦事。
可是，这个装在套子里的人，差点结了婚。有一个新史地教员，一个原籍乌克兰，名叫密哈益·沙维奇·柯瓦连科的人，派到我们学校里来了。他是带着他姐姐华连卡一起来的。后来，由于校长太太的尽力撮合，华连卡开始对我们的别里科夫明白地表示好感了。在恋爱方面，特别是在婚姻方面，怂恿总要起很大的作用的。人人——他的同事和同事的太太们——开始对向别里科夫游说：他应当结婚。况且，华连卡长得不坏，招人喜欢；她是五等文官的女儿，有田产；尤其要紧的，她是第一个待他诚恳而亲热的女人。于是他昏了头，决
定结婚了。
但是华连卡的弟弟从认识别里科夫的第一天起，就讨厌他。
现在，你听一听后来发生的事吧。有个促狭鬼画了一张漫画，画着别里科夫打了雨伞，穿了雨鞋，卷起裤腿，正在走路，臂弯里挽着华连卡；下面缀着一个题名：“恋爱中的anthropos。”您知道，那神态画得像极了。那位画家一定画了不止一夜，因为男子中学和女子中学里的教师们、神学校的教师们、衙门里的官儿，全接到一份。别里科夫也接到一份。这幅漫画弄得他难堪极了。
我们一块儿走出了宿舍；那天是五月一日，礼拜天，学生和教师事先约定在学校里会齐，然后一块走到城郊的一个小林子里去。我们动身了，他脸色发青，比乌云还要阴沉。
“天下竟有这么歹毒的坏人！”他说，他的嘴唇发抖了。
我甚至可怜他了。我们走啊走的，忽然间，柯瓦连科骑着自行车来了，他的后面，华连卡也骑着自行车来了。涨红了脸，筋疲力尽，可是快活，兴高采烈 。
“我们先走一步！”她嚷道。“多可爱的天气！多可爱，可爱得要命！”。
他俩走远，不见了。别里科夫脸色从发青到发白。他站住，瞧着我。
“这是怎么回事？或者，也许我的眼睛骗了我？难道中学教师和小姐骑自行车还成体统吗？”
“这有什么不成体统的？”我问，“让他们尽管骑他们的自行车，快快活活地玩一阵好了。”
“可是这怎么行？”他叫起来，看见我平心静气，觉得奇怪，“您在说什么呀？”
他似乎心里乱得很，不肯再往前走，回家去了。
第二天他老是心神不地搓手，打哆嗦；从他的脸色分明看得出来他病了。还没到放学的时候，他就走了，这在他还是生平第一回呢。他没吃午饭。将近傍晚，他穿得暖暖和和的，到柯瓦连科家里去了。华连卡不在家，就只碰到她弟弟。
“请坐！”柯瓦连科冷冷地说，皱起眉头。别里科夫沉默地坐了十分钟光景，然后开口了：
“我上您这儿来，是为要了却我的一桩心事。我烦恼得很，烦恼得很。有个不怀好意的家伙画了一张荒唐的漫画，画的是我和另一个跟您和我都有密切关系的人。我认为我有责任向您保证我跟这事没一点关系。……我没有做出什么事来该得到这样的讥诮——刚好相反，我的举动素来在各方面都称得起是正人君子。”
柯瓦连科坐在那儿生闷气，一句话也不说。别里科夫等了一忽儿，然后压低喉咙，用悲凉的声调接着说：“另外我有件事情要跟您谈一谈。我在这儿做了多年的事，您最近才来；既然我是一个比您年纪大的同事，我就认为我有责任给您进一个忠告。您骑自行车，这种消遣，对青年的教育者来说，是绝对不合宜的！”
“怎么见得？”柯瓦连科问。“难道这还用解释吗，密哈益·沙维奇，难道这不是理所当然吗？如果教师骑自行车，那还能希望学生做出什么好事来？他们所能做的就只有倒过来，用脑袋走路了！既然政府还没有发出通告，允许做这件事，那就做不得。昨天我吓坏了！我一看见您的姐姐，眼前就变得一片漆黑。一位小姐，或者一个姑娘，却骑自行车——这太可怕了！”
“您到底要怎么样？”
“我所要做的只有一件事，就是忠告您，密哈益·沙维奇。您是青年人，您前途远大，您的举动得十分十分小心才成；您却这么马马虎虎，唉，这么马马虎虎！您穿着绣花衬衫出门，人家经常看见您在大街上拿着书走来走去：现在呢，又骑什么自行车。校长会说您和您姐姐骑自行车的，然后，这事又会传到督学的耳朵里……这还会有好下场么？”
“讲到我姐姐和我骑自行车，这可不干别人的事。”柯瓦连科涨红了脸说，“谁要来管我的私事，就叫他滚！”
别里科夫脸色苍白，站起来。“您用这种口吻跟我讲话，那我不能再讲下去了。”他说，“我请求您在我面前谈到上司的时候不要这样说话；您对上司应当尊敬才对。”
“难道我对上司说了什么不好的话？”柯瓦连科问，生气地瞧着他。“请您躲开我。我是正大光明的人，不愿意跟您这样的先生讲话。我不喜欢那些背地里进谗言的人。”
别里科夫心慌意乱，匆匆忙忙地穿大衣，脸上带着恐怖的神情。这还是他生平第一回听到别人对他说这么不客气的话。
“随您怎么说，都由您好了。”他一面走出门道，到楼梯口去，一面说，“只是我得跟您预先声明一下：说不定有人偷听了我们的谈话了，为了避免我们的谈话被人家误解以致闹出什么乱子起见，我得把我们的谈话内容报告校长——把大意说明一下。我不能不这样做。”
“报告他？去，尽管报告去吧！”
柯瓦连科在他后面一把抓住他的前领，使劲一推，别里科夫就连同他的雨鞋一齐乒乒乓乓地滚下楼去。楼梯又高又陡，不过他滚到楼下却安然无恙，站起来。摸摸鼻子，看了看他的眼镜碎了没有。可是，他滚下楼的时候，偏巧华连卡回来了，带着两女士。她们站在楼下，怔住了。这在别里科夫却比任何事情都可怕。我相信他情愿摔断脖子和两条腿，也不愿意成为别人取笑的对象。是啊，这样一来，全城的人都会知道这件事，还会传到校长耳朵里去，还会传到督学耳朵里去。哎呀，不定会闹出什么乱子！说不定又会有一张漫画，到头来弄得他奉命退休吧。……
等到他站起来，华连卡才认出是他。她瞧着他那滑稽的脸相，他那揉皱的大衣，他那雨鞋，不明白是怎么回事，以为他是一不小心摔下来的，就忍不住纵声大笑，笑声在整个房子里响着：
“哈哈哈！”
这响亮而清脆的“哈哈哈”就此结束了一切事情：结束了预想中的婚事，结束了别里科夫的人间生活。他没听见华连卡说什么话，他什么也没有看见。一到家，他第一件事就是从桌子上撤去华连卡的照片；然后他上了床，从此再也没起过床。
过了一个月，别里科夫死了。我们都去送葬。
我们要老实说；埋葬别里科夫那样的人，是一件大快人心的事。我们从墓园回去的时候，露出忧郁和谦虚的脸相；谁也不肯露出快活的感情。——像那样的感情，我们很久很久以前做小孩子的时候，遇到大人不在家，我们到花园里去跑一两个钟头，享受完全自由的时候，才经历过。
我们高高兴兴地从墓园回家。可是一个礼拜还没有过完，生活又恢复旧样子，跟先前一样郁闷、无聊、乱糟糟了。局面并没有好一点。实在，虽然我们埋葬了别里科夫，可是这种装在套子里的人，动还有许多，将来也还不知道有多少呢！
装在套子里的人翻译
My colleague Greek teacher Bie Lee Kopf two months before death in our city.You must have heard of him.He's really strange, even in the sunny day, also wear boots, take an umbrella, and must wear warm cotton coat.He is always an umbrella in a case, put in a grey suede sleeve; even the pencil knife is mounted in a small case.His face seemed covered with covers, because he always hide it in a ruffled collar.He wore dark glasses, wear a sweater, cotton ears eyes.He sat on the carriage, to call the coachman to put up the hood.In short, the people always want to wrap themselves in shell, seems to be made for themselves a good cover, retired, without external influence.Real life to stimulate him, frightened him, always make him worried.Perhaps for their timidity, yourself on the reality of the abomination to defend it, he is always singing in praise of those past, never exists; in fact he taught ancient languages for him, is also the rain boots and umbrella, makes him to escape the reality of life.
Bie Lee Kopf put his ideas also tried to hide in a bush.Only the government notices and newspaper articles, which provides a ban on anything, he just feels be crystal clear.See a notice banning high school students in the evening after nine o'clock to the street, he was clearly understood: it is forbidden, good, that'll do.But he felt in the official approval or consent, always contains casts doubts on the composition, contain the indistinct, haven't fully said composition.Whenever he passed the approval of the authorities, the city opened a drama club, or the reading room, or the teahouse, he always shook his head, and said in a low voice: "of course, well, this is all very well, but do not give any trouble."
Contrary to law, who out of the regular, irregular, although looks like he is irrelevant, they make him feel depressed.If one of his colleagues to the church to pray to late, or if he heard the rumor, said that high school students make trouble, he always nervous very much, a talking about: you must come into any trouble.In the Senate, his cautious, that paranoia, that pure sleeve type arguments, we simply pressed through on.What he said, whether men or woman middle school, high school or, young people are restless, noisy noisy in the classroom -- oh, just the thing not to authorities of the ears is good, but not out of any trouble.He thought if the second grade Petrov and Ye Huo Love expelled from the fourth grade, it properly.Guess what?He with his heave great sighs, he had become dejected and despondent, and his pale face glasses, overcome us, we had to give in, Petrov and Ye Huo Love conduct scores decreased, put them into custody.Then put them expelled.Our teachers are afraid of him.Believe it or not.Our teachers are thinking, decent man, with Turgenev and Xie Delin's influence, but the old rain boots, holding an umbrella of the little people, but the entire middle school for fifteen years and over!But just over high school what?The town suffered him over!Here we ladies to Saturday not to do the family drama party, fearing that he heard; priests to his face, not eating meat, can not play.In this type of Belikov under the influence of the city people, trembling with fear to live ten to fifteen years, what are afraid of.They dare not speak loudly, dare not write, dare not make friends, afraid to read a book, not the poor, did not dare to teach people to write and read……
Bie Lee Kopf and I live in a house.His bedroom is very small, like a box, bed hanging mosquito net.He went to bed, he pulled the quilt cover head.The room was hot and stuffy, wind pushed the shut door, humming in the stove, the kitchen came -- ominous sigh sigh……He lay under my quilt, trembling with fear, afraid of what will happen, afraid of thieves sneak in here.He pulls the nightmares, the morning we went to school together, he be out of spirits, pale.He went to the crowded school, so he was terrified and disgusted with me side by side; he then to walk, a shy person, apparently also grind.
However, this guy in a suit, almost married.Have a history teacher, one from Ukraine, named Mihanny Savich Kovalenko, sent to our school.He is with his sister Wawrinka together.Later, because the principal wife tried to fix, Wawrinka started on our Bie Lee Kopf clearly expressed feelings.In love, especially in the aspects of marriage, urged to play a great role.Everyone -- his colleagues and their wives -- began to lobby: he ought to get married to Bie Lee Kopf.Moreover, Wawrinka grow not bad, be like; she is five and other civilian's daughter, a homestead; especially important, she was the first woman to be his sincere and affectionate.Then his head, never
Be married.
But Wawrinka brother from understanding Belikov's first day, you hate him.
Now, you listen to what happened afterwards.A poltergeist drew a picture, painted with Bie Lee Kopf hit an umbrella, wearing boots, furl trouser legs, walking, arms holding Wawrinka; following with a title: "love anthropos."You know, it looks like a pole.The artist must draw more than night, because the school and female middle school teachers, school teachers, God Amun in official, all received a.Bie Lee Kopf also received a.The cartoon made him embarrassed.
We all went out of the room; the day is Sunday, May 1st, students and teachers in school we'll assemble prior agreement, then go to the outskirts of a small woods.We leave, he is blue in the face, dark clouds more than.
"The world should be so vicious villain!"He said, his lips quiver.
I even pity him.We walked and walked, suddenly left, even by riding bicycle, behind him, Wawrinka also rode a bike to.Blushing, be tired out, but happy, be jubilant.
"We go ahead!"She cried.What a beautiful day!Lovely, lovely!".
They walked away, gone.Bie Lee Kopf turned from green to white.He stopped, looked at me.
What's this about, Harvey?Or, maybe my eyes deceive me?Does middle school teachers and young lady cycling is proper?"
"What's in a state of disorder?"I asked, "let them while riding their bicycles, playing a good naked."
"But this how line?"He cried, see I keep calm, wondering, "what are you saying?"
He seems to mind mess, refused to go any further, go home.
The very next day he is always anxious to rub, tremble; from his face clearly see he is ill.Yet when the school, he went away, which he is the first to do.He didn't eat his lunch.Towards evening, he dressed and warm, went to Co Wa Rienk's house.Hua Lian card is not at home, just met her brother.
Sit down, please.Co Wa Rienk said coldly, frowned.Bie Lee Kopf sat in silence for ten minutes, then open the:
"I'm here, is to finish my something.I worry very much, worry very much.There is a harbour evil designs guy made a ridiculous caricature, painting I and another with you and I have an intimate relationship.I think I have a responsibility to assure you that I got nothing to do with it……I didn't do something to deserve such cynicism -- just the opposite, I act was in every respect is worthy of upright gentlemen."
Co Wa Rienk sat there sulking, not to say a word.Bie Lee Kopf waited a while, and then down the throat, with a sad tone then said: "I have something to talk to you about.I am here for years as a thing, you recently; since I was an older than your colleague, I think that I have the responsibility to give you an advice.You ride a bike, the entertainment, the education of the young person, is absolutely not fitting!"
"How do you know?"Co Wa Rienk ask."Isn't it used to explain it, Mihanny Savich, isn't this behoove?If the teacher riding a bicycle, but also hope that students do good?They can do only upside down, with the head to walk!Since the government has not issued a circular, allowed to do this, just do not.Yesterday I was scared!I saw your sister, the eyes become dark.A young lady, or a girl, but cycling -- this is terrible!"
What do you want.
"What I want to do is one thing, is the advice you, Mihanny Savich.You are young, you have a great future, you act very carefully before you so careless; but, alas, so careless!You wearing embroidered shirt out, people often see you in the street, holding a book about: now, and what the bicycle riding.The headmaster would say you and your sister's bike, then, it will spread to the ears……This will be good?"
"When my sister and I ride my bicycle, it can not do the others."Co Wa Rienk blushed said, "who wants to come to my private affairs, send him away!"
Bie Lee Kopf looked pale, stand up."You talk to me in this way, that I cannot tell me then."He said, "I ask you in front of me talking about the boss do not talk like that to the boss; you should respect."
"I said to his boss: what bad words?"Even the family left angrily asked, staring at him."Could you hide from me.I am not willing to be open and aboveboard person, you speak to mrI don't like those who secretly into the evil person."
Bie Lee Kopf lose presence of mind, hurried to put the coat, with a look of horror on his face.This is his first time to hear others say to him so unkind.
"As you say, by hi."As he walked out of the way, to the stairs, said, "but I have to tell you a statement: someone eavesdropped on our conversation, in order to avoid our conversation being misunderstood that make the trouble reasons, I have to put our conversation report school -- to explain the long effect.I can't do."
"Tell him?To go, although the report!"
Co Wa Rienk behind him and grabbed his front collar, a hard push, along with his boots banging together Belikov rolled downstairs.The staircase was high and steep, but he rolled to the downstairs is safe and sound, stand up.Touch the nose, looked at his glasses broken No.But, he rolled down time, Wawrinka must come back, with two msThey stood downstairs, freeze.The Bie Lee Kopf is better than anything terrible.I believe he'd broken neck and two legs, is not willing to be the object of ridicule.Yes, in this way, all the people will know it, will come to the ears, will come to the ears.Oh, may make any trouble!Maybe there will be a comic, it made him to retire……
When he stood up, Hualiankacai recognize him.She looked at his funny face, his crumpled coat, his boots, don't understand what is going on, that he is a careless and fell down, cannot but laugh, laughter in the house rang:
Ha ha ha.
The loud and clear "ha ha ha" the end of all things: the end of the expected marriage, over Belikov world life.He didn't hear the Wawrinka to say what, he didn't see anything.A home, the first thing he is removed from the table Wawrinka photos; then he got on to the bed, never played a bed.
A month later, Belikov died.We all go to the funeral.
We must honestly; bury people like Bie Lee Kopf, is one of the things this cheers the people greatly.We from the back, a melancholy and modest face; who also refused to reveal the feelings of happiness.-- like feelings, we long ago do child, meeting adults not at home, we go to the garden to run one or two hours, enjoy full freedom, to experience.
We happily from the home.But a week is not over, life and restore the old way, as before depressed, boring, mess.The situation is no better.Indeed, although we buried Belikov, but this guy in a suit, still there are many, will also do not know how much do!